It was perhaps the first city to reach a population above 200,000. It has been estimated that Babylon was the largest city in the world c. After the fall of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, the city came under the rule of the Achaemenid, Seleucid, Parthian, Roman, and Sassanid empires. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon ranked as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. After the Assyrians had destroyed and then rebuilt it, Babylon became the capital of the short-lived Neo-Babylonian Empire, a neo-Assyrian successor state, from 609 to 539 BC. The empire waned under Hammurabi's son Samsu-iluna, and Babylon spent long periods under Assyrian, Kassite and Elamite domination. Southern Mesopotamia became known as Babylonia, and Babylon eclipsed Nippur as the region's holy city. He built Babylon into a major city and declared himself its king.
The Amorite king Hammurabi founded the short-lived Old Babylonian Empire in the 18th century BC. The town became part of a small independent city-state with the rise of the first Babylonian Empire, now known as the Old Babylonian Empire, in the 19th century BC. The last known record of habitation of the town dates from the 10th century AD, when it was referred to as the "small village of Babel". The site of the ancient city lies just south of present-day Baghdad. The earliest known mention of Babylon as a small town appears on a clay tablet from the reign of Sargon of Akkad (2334–2279 BC) of the Akkadian Empire. The city, built along both banks of the Euphrates river, had steep embankments to contain the river's seasonal floods. These two empires achieved regional dominance between the 19th and 15th centuries BC, and again between the 7th and 6th centuries BC. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols.īabylon was the capital city of the ancient Babylonian Empire, which itself is a term referring to either of two separate empires in the Mesopotamian area in antiquity. This article contains special characters.
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